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Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes all the diseases of the heart and circulation including coronary heart Disease (CHD), angina, heart attack, congenital heart disease and stroke.

CHD is the most common form of CVD and caused due to lack of oxygen and nutrient supply in heart muscles. CVD is the most potent killer of human beings.

Causes

These risk factors may affect health and lead to CVD.

1. Gender :- MALES / FEMALES

2. Age :- AFTER 50-55 YRS

3. Family History :- HERIDITY

4. Stress :- HIGH STRESS LEVELS

5. Sedentary Lifestyle :- WITH LOW CARDIO RESPIRATORY FITNESS

6. Obesity :- MAY LEAD TO HYPERTENSION

7. Hypertension :- LEADS TO DAMAGE TO ARTERIES

8. Diabetes Mellitus :- CARDIAC TISSUE DAMAGE

9. Smoking and tobacco

10. Hypercholesterolemia :- TOTAL CHOLESTEROL LEVEL APPROACHES 300MG/DL BLOOD.

11. Metabolic Syndrome :- PRESENCE OF 3 OR MORE RISK FACTORS- HIGH SUGAR ,OBESITY, HIGH LIPIDS, HTN.

12. Hemostatic Factors :- HIGH LEVELS OF FIBRINOGEN , CLOTTING FACTOR VII

13. Dietary intake :- HIGH CONSUMPTION OF FATS , CHOLESTEROL, SODIUM

Diagnosis

There are various test which helps to identify the presence of Cardiovascular (HEART)disease:-

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Echocardiography (ECHO)
  • X-Ray
  • Stress Test
  • Lipid Profile.

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD):- is when coronary arteries( which supplies heart muscle) becomes narrowed by a gradual built up of fatty material within their walls known as artheroschlerosis.

Symptoms
  • Pain- chest pain, pressure, choking , numbness,squeezing or discomfort in chest,neck or upper abdomen & is usually associated with pain in jaw, head or left arm
  • Shortness of breath- while working ,climbing ,slightest exertion
  • Palpitation
  • Fatigue
  • Syncope- fatigue or sudden loss of consciousness
  • Oedema- abdomen and leg.

CONSUME / PERMITTED RESTRICTED
Fats:- 15-20% Of Total Energy, Pufa Not More Than 8%
ss Pufa:sfa= 0.8-1.0 		SATURATED FATS < 7-10%
Smoking point may vary for the same type of oil depending on how it is processed. Higher the smoking point, higher is the suitablity for frying food.
Fat Content : Since cooking oils are made up of saturated (SAFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty asids. It is imporatnt to create a balance. 		Meat, Dairy Products, Vanaspati Ghee, Butter, Cheese
Consume 5-6 Servings Of Fibrous Fruits, Vegetables , Whole Grains , Cereals Pulses, Fruits with skin, For adequate supply of Vitamins such ss A, C , E, B6, B1 Minerals- Potassium, Zinc, Calcium. Food rich in Sugar Like Ice Cream, Fats, Sweets, Cream, Gravy, Fried Food . Sodium (1.5-3gm/day).
Proteins:- 20% of total energy, Plant protein like Legumes, Beans, Peas, Lentils etc Animal source - Skimmed Milk, Low Fat Yogurt, White Meat( Fish , Chicken) egg White. Animal Protein Like Red Meat( Beef, Pork, Lamb etc). Egg Yolk High Fat Milk , Milk Products
Cooking Method - Roasting, Broiling, Microwave. Deep Frying, Barbequing
Use Herbs, Lemon Juice, Garlic, Ginger to Flavour Salads. Salt not more than 5gm/day.
Fluids- Plenty Water, Non Alcoholic, Low Sodium ,rich In Potassium-fresh Fruits, Juices, Coconut Water, Buttermilk Etc. Alcoholic, Caffeinated Beverages , Excess Tea, Coffee, Carbonated.

Patient Counselling :-

Increase physical activity , practice yoga and meditation as per physicians advice.

Note :- It is advisable to consult your physician/ dietitian before following any regimen or adapting any major lifestyle changes as in some cases it might not suit one ,leading to adverse effect on health or even interfere with your medications.

  • Aurum metallicum 30 — heart failure after valvular lesions. Hear feels loose on walking. Sensations as if heart stopped beating for two or three seconds, immediately followed by tumultuous rebound with sinking at the epigastrium. Oppression at the heart. Pulse rapid, feeble and irregular. Blood pressure high.
  • Digitalis purpurea 3x — digitalis is an excellent remedy for heart failure with irregular heart beat. Sensation as if heart would stop beating if moved, must hold the breath and keep still.
  • Strophanthus his. Q — strophanthus is best for heart failure with edema of legs. Heart’s action weak, rapid, irregular, due to muscular debility and insufficiency. Pulse rapid, alternating with slow, weak, small irregular.
  • Laurocerasus 30 — laurocerasus is best for heart failure with pain in the region of heart. There is clutching at heart and palpitations..
  • Crataegus oxy. Q — crataegus is considered a heart tonic. Heart muscles seem flabby, worn out. Heart weakness with oppression, stitches and insomnia.
  • Cardus marianus q — cardus marianus is effective for heart failure with liver complaints. Pain pressure and stitches in the region of the heart, oppression on deep breathing.
  • Naja tripudians 30 — naja is best for heart failure with weakness and valvular disorders. Visible palpitations. Damaged heart after infectious diseases.
  • Nux vomica 30 — nux vomica is an excellent remedy for heart failure seen in alcoholics. Hear feels tired, palpitation on lying down. Usually constipated with ineffectual desire.

Note :-The physician has to take a decision as to which approach is appropriate for a particular patients as each case & patient has its own scope & limitations. So avoid self-medication & always consult your physician .

Role of Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases

CONSUME / PERMITTED AVOID
Fats:- 15-20% Of Total Energy, Pufa Not More Than 8%
ss Pufa:sfa= 0.8-1.0 		SATURATED FATS < 7-10%
Vegetable Oils such which are rich in Mufa Such As Canola, Olive Oil, Rice Bran, Groundnut Etc. & Pufa-n6 Safflower, Sunflower, Sesame, Corn, N3-canola, Olive, Mustard, Soybean use blend of oils on 3 rotations. Meat, Dairy Products, Vanaspati Ghee, Butter, Cheese
Consume 5-6 Servings Of Fibrous Fruits, Vegetables , Whole Grains , Cereals Pulses, Fruits with skin, For adequate supply of Vitamins such ss A, C , E, B6, B1 Minerals- Potassium, Zinc, Calcium. Food rich in Sugar Like Ice Cream, Fats, Sweets, Cream, Gravy, Fried Food . Sodium (1.5-3gm/day).
Proteins:- 20% of total energy, Plant protein like Legumes, Beans, Peas, Lentils etc Animal source - Skimmed Milk, Low Fat Yogurt, White Meat( Fish , Chicken) egg White. Animal Protein Like Red Meat( Beef, Pork, Lamb etc). Egg Yolk High Fat Milk , Milk Products
Cooking Method - Roasting, Broiling, Microwave. Deep Frying, Barbequing
Use Herbs, Lemon Juice, Garlic, Ginger to Flavour Salads. Salt not more than 5gm/day.
Fluids- Plenty Water, Non Alcoholic, Low Sodium ,rich In Potassium-fresh Fruits, Juices, Coconut Water, Buttermilk Etc. Alcoholic, Caffeinated Beverages , Excess Tea, Coffee, Carbonated.

Patient Counselling :-

Increase physical activity , practice yoga and meditation as per physicians advice.

Note :- It is advisable to consult your physician/ dietitian before following any regimen or adapting any major lifestyle changes as in some cases it might not suit one ,leading to adverse effect on health or even interfere with your medications.

Homeopathic Approach to Cardiovascular Diseases

  • Aurum metallicum 30 --- heart failure after valvular lesions. Hear feels loose on walking. Sensations as if heart stopped beating for two or three seconds, immediately followed by tumultuous rebound with sinking at the epigastrium. Oppression at the heart. Pulse rapid, feeble and irregular. Blood pressure high.
  • Digitalis purpurea 3x — digitalis is an excellent remedy for heart failure with irregular heart beat. Sensation as if heart would stop beating if moved, must hold the breath and keep still.
  • Strophanthus his. Q ---- strophanthus is best for heart failure with edema of legs. Heart’s action weak, rapid, irregular, due to muscular debility and insufficiency. Pulse rapid, alternating with slow, weak, small irregular.
  • Laurocerasus 30 — laurocerasus is best for heart failure with pain in the region of heart. There is clutching at heart and palpitations..
  • Crataegus oxy. Q --- crataegus is considered a heart tonic. Heart muscles seem flabby, worn out. Heart weakness with oppression, stitches and insomnia.
  • Cardus marianus q --- cardus marianus is effective for heart failure with liver complaints. Pain pressure and stitches in the region of the heart, oppression on deep breathing.
  • Naja tripudians 30 — naja is best for heart failure with weakness and valvular disorders. Visible palpitations. Damaged heart after infectious diseases.
  • Nux vomica 30 — nux vomica is an excellent remedy for heart failure seen in alcoholics. Hear feels tired, palpitation on lying down. Usually constipated with ineffectual desire.

Note :-The physician has to take a decision as to which approach is appropriate for a particular patients as each case & patient has its own scope & limitations. So avoid self-medication & always consult your physician .